Chemistry for Engineers Homework Answers - Chapter 6
Chemistry Homework
Questions Chapter 6
Which of the following pairs is
incorrectly matched?
a.
|
Wavelength
-- lambda
|
b.
|
Frequency -- f
|
c.
|
Mass -- m
|
d.
|
Speed of
light -- c
|
e.
|
Planck's
constant -- h
|
In a
photoelectric effect experiment, a beam of ___Electrons________ strikes a metal surface potentially causing an ___Photon______ to be
emitted.
A photon with a frequency of 2.1∗104 s1 has
an energy of:
1.
|
1.4∗1029 J
|
2.
|
1.9∗1019 J
|
3.
|
5.1∗1011 J
|
4.
|
6.2 ∗1012 J
|
According to the Bohr model, the
allowed energies of the hydrogen atom are given by the equation: E = (-21.7 x
10-19)/n2 J. What is the ionization energy, in
J, for the loss of an electron from the lowest excited state?
a.
|
2.18x10-19
|
b.
|
5.45x10-19
|
c.
|
2.18x10-18
|
d.
|
1.66x10-18
|
e.
|
2.42x10-19
|
Give the number of orbitals an atom can
have with the following designation:
n = 3
n = 3
a.
|
10
|
b.
|
3
|
c.
|
5
|
d.
|
4
|
e.
|
None of these (Answer is 9)
|
How many orbitals are there in the 4p
subshell?
a.
|
1
|
b.
|
2
|
c.
|
3
|
d.
|
4
|
e.
|
5
|
Which anion below would have the
following electron configuration?
1s22s22s63s23s6
1s22s22s63s23s6
a.
|
Cl-
|
b.
|
F-
|
c.
|
O2-
|
d.
|
Ca2+
|
e.
|
S
|
How many valence electrons are there in
the electron configuration for F-?
a.
|
1
|
b.
|
6
|
c.
|
7
|
d.
|
8
|
e.
|
9
|
Arrange each set of atoms in order of decreasing ionization energy1.
Be, F, C
Be, F, C
a.
|
F > C > Be
|
b.
|
C > F > Be
|
c.
|
Be > C > F
|
d.
|
C > Be > F
|
e.
|
none of these
|
Which atom in each set has the most
exothermic electron affinity?
i) N, O, Ne ii) Al, Si, Cl
i) N, O, Ne ii) Al, Si, Cl
a.
|
i) Ne ii) Cl
|
b.
|
i) N ii) Cl
|
c.
|
i) O ii) Cl
|
d.
|
i) Ne ii) Si
|
e.
|
i) O ii) Al
|
For
which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation would the photons
have the greatest energy?
a.
|
x-rays
|
b.
|
UV
|
c.
|
visible
|
d.
|
IR
|
e.
|
microwaves
|
For which of the following types of
electromagnetic radiation would the photons have the lowest energy?
a.
|
x-rays
|
b.
|
UV
|
c.
|
visible
|
d.
|
IR
|
e.
|
microwaves
|
What would be the best description of
Einstein's explanation of the photoelectric effect?
a.
|
Electrons have a definite
mass.
|
b.
|
Ejection of electrons
occurs when the intensity of light increases beyond a certain minimum.
|
c.
|
Light consists of
"particles" with a definite mass.
|
d.
|
Light consists of
"particles" with a definite energy.
|
e.
|
Ejection of electrons occurs when the energy of the photon is greater
than a certain minimum.
|
Calculate the energy, in joules, of a
photon of red light that has a frequency of 4.35 x 1014 s-1.
a.
|
6.90 x 10-7
|
b.
|
2.88 x 10-19
|
c.
|
4.35 x 1014
|
d.
|
1.45 x 10-19
|
e.
|
1.04 x 1027
|
According to the Bohr model, the
allowed energies of the hydrogen atom are given by the equation: E = (-21.7 x
10-19)/n2 J. Calculate the wavelength, in
nanometers, of the electromagnetic radiation required to raise an electron from
the n = 3 to the n = 5 energy level of a hydrogen atom.
a.
|
2.34 x 1014
|
b.
|
2.34 x 105
|
c.
|
1.28 x 10-4
|
d.
|
1.28 x 103
|
e.
|
1.55 x 10-19
|
Which of the following sets is not an
acceptable set of quantum numbers for an hydrogen atom.
a.
|
n = 2, L = 1, mL= -1
|
b.
|
n = 7, L= 3, mL= +3
|
c.
|
n = 2, L= 1, mL= +1
|
d.
|
n = 3, L= 1, mL= -3
|
e.
|
n = 1, L = 0, mL= 0
|
Which
of the following set is an acceptable set of quantum numbers for an electron in
a hydrogen atom? (Note: n=3 is
because of excited state)
a.
|
n =
1, l
= 1, ml= 0, ms = - 1/2
|
b.
|
n =
2, l = 0, ml = 0, ms = 1
|
c.
|
n = 3, l = 1, ml = -1, ms = - 1/2
|
d.
|
n =
0, l
= 0, ml = 0, ms = + 1/2
|
e.
|
n =
2, l
= 1, ml = 2, ms = - 1/2
|
Give the number of orbitals for the
following sublevel:
4s
4s
a.
|
1
|
b.
|
4
|
c.
|
2
|
d.
|
5
|
e.
|
none of these
|
Which of the following subshell
notations reflects an atom in the ground state?
a.
|
1s22s22p23s1
|
b.
|
1s22s22p63s3
|
c.
|
1s22s22p63s23d5
|
d.
|
1s22s22p63s23d5
|
e.
|
1s22s22p6
|
Identify the element and give the
symbols of the other elements in its group.
[Ar] 4s23d104p4
[Ar] 4s23d104p4
a.
|
Zn; Cd, Hg
|
b.
|
Cd; Zn, Hg
|
c.
|
Se; O, S, Te, Po
|
d.
|
Ga; B, Al, In, Tl
|
e.
|
none of these
|
Of these elements, which displays the
greatest electron affinity?
1.
|
C
|
2.
|
Ca
|
3.
|
F
|
4.
|
Se
|
The following ionization energies were
determined by experiment for an unknown element:
(I1= 1403 kJ/mol, I2 = 2857 kJ/mol, I3= 4580 kJ/mol, I4= 7478 kJ/mol, I5= 53274 kJ/mol). Which of the following elements is most likely responsible for the given ionization energies?
(I1= 1403 kJ/mol, I2 = 2857 kJ/mol, I3= 4580 kJ/mol, I4= 7478 kJ/mol, I5= 53274 kJ/mol). Which of the following elements is most likely responsible for the given ionization energies?
a.
|
Li
|
b.
|
Be
|
c.
|
B
|
d.
|
C
|
e.
|
N
|
The Amplitude
of a wave refers to the size
or height of the wave.
The energy of an incoming photon must
be greater than the binding energy of the metal's electron in order to have
that electron ejected from the metal's surface.
1.
|
True
|
2.
|
False
|
A X-ray photon has a wavelength of 7.2
nm. What is its energy in joules? Enter your answer in the form 1.02E12 for
1.02 x 1012 with
three significant figures. Do not enter units with your answer.
0.000 +/- 3%
One model of the hydrogen atom relies
upon the idea that the electrons reside in stable orbits from which they can
not deviate and are found outside of a small, densely packed group of protons.
This model was created by:
1.
|
Niels Bohr
|
2.
|
Albert Einstein
|
3.
|
Edward Teller
|
4.
|
Julius Saulk
|
In quantum mechanics, an "l"
value of 2 corresponds to a letter designation of:
1.
|
s
|
2.
|
p
|
3.
|
d
|
4.
|
f
|
Give the sublevel designation and the
number of orbitals in the sublevel for.
n = 6, l = 3
n = 6, l = 3
a.
|
p , 3
|
b.
|
d , 5
|
c.
|
s , 2
|
d.
|
f , 7
|
e.
|
d , 7
|
hich element belongs to the group
called the alkali metals?
a.
|
Mg
|
b.
|
Rb
|
c.
|
H
|
d.
|
Sc
|
e.
|
Cl
|
Which set of
elements is not in order of increasing atomic radius (smallest one first,
etc.)?
a 1.)
K+,S2-
b 2.) K+,S2-,SE2-
c 3.)
Fe3+,Fe2+,Fe
d 4.) F,O,O2-
e 5.) Na+,
F-,F
Which atom in each pair has the more
exothermic electron affinity?
i) K or Ca ii) Li or Na iii) Cl or Ar
i) K or Ca ii) Li or Na iii) Cl or Ar
a.
|
i) K ii) Li iii) Cl
|
b.
|
i) Ca ii) Li iii) Cl
|
c.
|
i) K ii) Na iii) Cl
|
d.
|
i) K ii) Li iii) Ar
|
e.
|
i) Ca ii) Li iii) Ar
|
Match each
of the following wave phenomena with its definition:
a. The bending of light waves around an object.
b. The bending of light through a series of parallel slits.
c. The separation of light into its component colors.
d. The bending of light waves at the boundary of two media.
refraction D.)
a. The bending of light waves around an object.
b. The bending of light through a series of parallel slits.
c. The separation of light into its component colors.
d. The bending of light waves at the boundary of two media.
refraction D.)
As part of the quantization of light,
Einstein proposed that light could behave as packets of energy referred to as:
1.
|
electrons
|
2.
|
nucleons
|
3.
|
photons
|
4.
|
protons
|
Calculate the energy in J of 0.32 moles
of photons whose frequency is 2.6 x ?
a.
|
1.2 x 1026
|
b.
|
1.9 x 1038
|
c.
|
1.0 x 106
|
d.
|
2.1 x 10-19
|
e.
|
3.3 x 105
|
Determine the number of unpaired
electrons in ground state atoms of P and Cl, respectively.
a.
|
5, 3
|
b.
|
5, 1
|
c.
|
3, 1
|
d.
|
3, 2
|
e.
|
3, 5
|
Arrange each set of atoms in order of decreasing first ionization energy.
Cl, Ar, Na
Cl, Ar, Na
a.
|
Cl > Ar > Na
|
b.
|
Ar > Cl > Na
|
c.
|
Cl > Na > Ar
|
d.
|
Na > Cl > Ar
|
e.
|
none of these
|
Successive ionization energies of the
atoms a particular element increase because each additional electron is farther
away from the nucleus.
a.
|
True
|
b.
|
False
|
If the binding energy of an electron in
a hydrogen atom is 6.41∗1019 J,
what wavelength of photon is required to liberate it from the atom? Planck's
constant = 6.626 ∗ 1034 Js; c = 3.00∗108 m/s
1.
|
311 nm
|
2.
|
641 nm
|
3.
|
2.18 mm
|
4.
|
1.53 mm
|
The "n" value of the quantum
number assigned to an orbital in a hydrogen atom best describes the orbital's:
1.
|
electron spin
|
2.
|
size
|
3.
|
shape
|
4.
|
orientation
|
How many electrons are there in a
filled S orbital?
a.
|
2
|
b.
|
3
|
c.
|
4
|
d.
|
5
|
e.
|
6
|
Cobalt-60
is a radioactive isotope used to treat cancer. A gamma ray emitted by an atom of
this isotope has an energy of 1.33 MeV (million electron volts; 1 eV = 1.602 x
10–19 J).
What is
the frequency (in Hz) of this gamma ray?
a.
|
3.11
x 10–21 Hz
|
b.
|
3.11
x 10–15 Hz
|
c.
|
3.22
x 1014 Hz
|
d.
|
3.22 x 1020 Hz
|
e.
|
None
of these is within 5% of the correct answer.
|
According
to the Bohr model, the allowed energies of the hydrogen atom are given by the
equation:
E = (-21.7 x 10-19)/n2 J. An electron in the n
= 5 level of an H atom emits a photon of wavelength 1281 nm. To what energy
level does the electron move?
a.
|
3
|
b.
|
9
|
c.
|
6
|
d.
|
1
|
e.
|
None
of these
|
What is
the correct electron configuration of chlorine?
1.
|
1s22s22p63s23p5
|
2.
|
1s22s12p63s23p6
|
3.
|
1s22s22p63s13p6
|
4
|
1s22s22p63s23p6
|
How
many valence electrons are there in a Te atom?
a.
|
2
|
b.
|
3
|
c.
|
4
|
d.
|
5
|
e.
|
6
|
Which
of these elements has the lowest ionization energy?
1.
|
He
|
2.
|
P
|
3.
|
K
|
4.
|
Mg
|
Which
of the following atoms has the most negative electron affinity?
a.
|
Se
|
b.
|
Al
|
c.
|
Cl
|
d.
|
Li
|
e.
|
More
information is needed.
|
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